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social fund
A social fund (sometimes also called ''Social Investment Fund'', ''Social Fund for Development'', ''Social Action Fund'', ''National Solidarity Fund'' or ''Social Development Agency'') is an institution, typically in a developing country, that provides financing (usually grants) for small-scale public investments targeted at meeting the needs of poor and vulnerable communities.〔While in principle a Social Fund is a financing facility, in practice the term has become synonymous to the agencies that typically run the financing facility〕 Social Funds also aim at contributing to social capital and development at the local level. In many cases they serve as innovators and demonstrators of new methods of decentralized participatory decision-making, management, and accountability that may be adopted for broader application by public sector organizations.
== Prevalence of social funds ==
In 2007 Social Funds existed in more than 45 countries, predominantly in poorer and smaller developing countries that receive significant official development assistance. However, a Social Fund also exists in Romania, a country that has recently joined the EU, as well as in many other Eastern European countries. Probably the largest Social Fund is the Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund (PPAF) with a resource base of US$ 500 million.〔(World Bank on PPAF )〕 Social Funds have channeled close to US$ 5 billion of World Bank funding in Africa alone between 1999 and 2005 〔(World Bank )〕 and have channeled more than ten billion dollars from all donors and governments' own resources over the past 20 years.〔(WorldBank: Development Outreach )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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